Best known for its cathedral, Kölsch beer, and warm Rhineland hospitality, Cologne (Köln) is a city I’ve visited a number of times over the years… each time shocked at how much fun I have.

People often say that Cologne locals are among the friendliest in Germany, a fact that I can happily confirm… but as far as tourism is concerned, some are quick to dismiss Cologne as ugly and underwhelming.

Granted, the city’s aesthetic is far from fairytale, thanks to extensive bombings during WWII, and the city feels more local-oriented than tourist-oriented (come for a fun event to see the city at its best!!), but I personally think there’s still plenty to enjoy, so long as you know where to look.

So, read on for a list of must-dos in Cologne, from historic landmarks and hidden bone chapels to bottomless beers and museums about chocolate. Ooh yes, as you’ll soon see, Cologne is a city with range.

1. Cologne Cathedral (Kölner Dom)

We’ll start with what is (by far) the biggest and best attraction in Cologne: the masterpiece of Gothic architecture that is Cologne Cathedral (or Kölner Dom in German).

The building of the cathedral began all the way back in 1248 and was intended to house the relics of the Three Kings (AKA the Three Wise Men from the Nativity), though construction was halted in the mid-16th century, leaving it incomplete until the 19th century when work resumed and was finally completed in 1880, following the original medieval plans.

So yes, it’s a masterpiece that took 6 centuries to complete.

I’d say the final result is worth the wait though. Today, the cathedral is famous for its towering twin spires that dominate the Cologne skyline. It stands about 157 meters tall, making it one of the tallest cathedrals in the world, which doesn’t sound that cool until you step inside. This thing is truly massive, with epic glass windows and high vaulted ceilings that will make you swoon (or at least give you neck cramps).

But don’t just take my word for it – this cathedral happens to be the most visited landmark in all of Germany and a UNESCO World Heritage Site to boot!

For a solid workout, I can highly recommend a climb up the 533 steps to the top for panoramic city views that will leave you drooling.

2. Admire the adorable Fischmarkt

I think first time visitors to Cologne are sometimes disappointed to discover that the city isn’t as aesthetically pleasing as they expected.

In fact, during my first visit, an Australian travel mate of mine declared it the ugliest city they’d ever seen.

… And while I think that’s a dramatic claim, there’s a reason that Cologne lacks the fairytale aesthetic of other German destinations like Rothenberg ob der Tauber or Bamberg... during the course of WWII, it sustained over 250 air raids that destroyed much of the historic centre in the process.

And well, when it came to rebuilding, aesthetics were probably quite low on the priority list, hence the mish mash of architecture found in the city centre, with contrasting corners of grandiose and plainly modern.

But, if you’re looking for a pretty photo opp (and one that you’ve no doubt seen on social media), then head to the old Fischmarkt, one of the few aesthetic corners of Cologne that looks truly out of a storybook.

This distinctive square is home to a row of cartoonishly narrow pastel houses, with the Groß St Martin Church looming just behind. It’s a truly picturesque place, although there’s not much to do here besides grab a bite to eat at one of the restaurants, or gawk at the view.

But to be fair, it’s a view worth gawking over.

3. Hop on a Rhine River Cruise

The first time I visited Cologne, it was as part of my summer interning on board Europe’s most scenic river cruises… and I think that’s a large part of why I love the city so much.

Seeing Cologne (and its surrounding towns) from the Rhine is truly something special, with castles, vineyards, and cute towns aplenty all along the banks of the river.

So, if you want to enjoy seeing the city from a different perspective, make sure you also hop on a sightseeing cruise like this one. You’ll learn more about Cologne from the commentary and can relax with some cake and coffee or beer as you go!

4. Check out a creepy but cool bone chapel

One of the coolest hidden gems of Cologne can be found inside the Basilica of St. Ursula, where a centuries-old chapel decorated with bones awaits those who ask to see it.

The Basilica of St. Ursula is a Roman Catholic church located near Cologne’s central railway station. This basilica is one of the city’s twelve Romanesque churches and is named after Saint Ursula, a British princess who, according to legend, was martyred in Cologne in the 4th century along with (wait for it) 11,000 VIRGIN COMPANIONS.

And so, the church stands on the site of a Roman cemetery where Saint Ursula and her companions were apparently buried after being martyred by Huns. The original structure was built in the 4th or 5th century, with significant reconstructions in the Romanesque style carried out in the 12th century.

Now back to those companions – one of the most notable features of the Basilica of St. Ursula is the Goldene Kammer (Golden Chamber), a reliquary chamber adorned with ornate designs and containing what are claimed to be the bones of Ursula and her followers. The walls are elaborately decorated with these bones arranged in patterns and encased in golden frames, creating a striking yet macabre spectacle.

NOTE: The opening hours of this chapel are very limited, and seeing the interior (for us at least) required an awkward conversation with someone on-site so they could unlock the door. The only thing weirder than staring at a chapel of bones is having a priest watch you stare at a chapel of bones, so be prepared for that bit of awkwardness.

5. Taste some local Kölsch Beer

Perhaps thanks to its dangerous drinkability, it’s a common in-joke among Germans that Kölsch isn’t real beer, but here in Cologne, it’s not just the refreshment of choice – it’s a lifestyle.

Where else can you drink tiny beers that are refilled automatically until you throw a coaster over top the glass as a sign of defeat?

Enjoying Kölsch is one of the best ways to immerse yourself in Cologne’s lively drinking culture, so be sure to at least give it a try while you’re in town. If you’re really into beer you can even join a brewery tour to try out a few of the different varieties available.

6. Stop by the Alter Markt (Old Market Square)

In terms of other sightseeing musts, the Alter Markt is where you’ll find the heart of Cologne’s historic center, with charming architecture, street markets, and cozy cafes lining the massive 5,500 square metre area.

True to its name, the history of the Alter Markt goes back many centuries, with it playing a starring role as Cologne’s marketplace where traders and townspeople would gather to sell goods, as well as assemble for public gatherings or festivals.

Today the square is surrounded by beautifully restored old houses, many of which have been converted into cafes, restaurants, and pubs.

Another notable features of the Alter Markt is the fountain featuring a statue of Jan von Werth, a local hero from the Thirty Years’ War. The fountain commemorates the romantic story of Jan von Werth and Griet, a tale of unrequited love that eventually found fulfillment.

NOTE: This square is especially exciting when there’s big events in town, like Cologne’s Christmas Market or Karneval celebrations. It’s considerably quieter other times of the year, but it’s still a nice spot to check out and maybe grab a drink, especially when the weather cooperates.

7. Get a nice view from the KölnTriangle

For more epic photos OF Cologne from a unique vantage point, you can head up to the observation tower known as the KölnTriangle.

(Though to be honest, as we’ve already established, Cologne’s aesthetic isn’t its main draw)

Now, as you can see in the photo below it doesn’t really look like a traditional triangle, and that’s because it’s built in the shape of a Reuleaux triangle, known for its curviness. In any case, the building towers more than 100 meters over Cologne from the opposite side of the river where most of the attractions are – meaning you can get nice photos from the viewing platform which offers 360-degree views of the city.

NOTE: The viewing platform is enclosed in glass (so there’s no chance of falling off or dropping your phone/camera!) while most of the rest of the building is used as offices. There is also a restaurant if you feel like dining with an epic view at KölnSky on the 27th floor.

Looking for sweeter things to do in Cologne? Why not visit a museum dedicated purely to… chocolate?!

Yup, at the Schokoladenmuseum, you can learn about the history of chocolate, watch chocolate products being made, taste different types of chocolate and even create your own treats.

The museum traces the history of chocolate from its origins as a bitter drink of the Aztecs and Mayans, through its introduction to European high society, to its current status as a beloved global treat. The museum building is also architecturally striking, designed to look like a ship sailing on the Rhine, offering beautiful views of the river and the city.

Though I do think there are better, more unique things to do in Cologne, this may be a good rainy day option for any of my fellow chocaholics out there, especially with little ones in tow… just make sure you don’t miss out on the 3-meter-high chocolate fountain where tasting is encouraged!

9. Stop by Museum Ludwig

For those looking for artsier Cologne activities, Museum Ludwig is a great choice. Home to an extensive collection of modern and contemporary art, including works by Picasso, Warhol, and Pop Art masterpieces, this museum a must-visit for art lovers.

Museum Ludwig houses one of the largest Picasso collections in Europe, but besides Picasso, you’ll find a broad spectrum of works from the classical modernism period to contemporary art, as well as an impressive photographic collection, one of the largest in Europe.

NOTE: Museum Ludwig is continually updating its collection with significant contemporary works, including multimedia and installations. So no matter when you might visit, there’s sure to be something new and exciting to see even beyond the permanent collection!

10. Wallraf-Richartz Museum

Another solid artistic offering in Cologne is the Wallraf-Richartz Museum, which houses an extensive collection of European art spanning from the Middle Ages to the 19th century.

This museum was named after Ferdinand Franz Wallraf, who was a key figure in its foundation, and Johann Heinrich Richartz, who financed the building of its first proper museum structure. It boasts an extensive collection of paintings, sculptures, and graphic arts spanning from the Medieval period to the Renaissance, Baroque, and into the 19th century, with an emphasis on Dutch and Flemish artists.

Today, the Wallraf-Richartz Museum is renowned for its substantial collection of Medieval art, especially those from the Cologne School of Painting, which is considered one of the most important collections of medieval paintings in the world.

Among its treasures, the museum houses masterpieces by artists such as Stephan Lochner, whose “Madonna in the Rose Bower” is a highlight of the collection. Other notable works include pieces by Albrecht Dürer, Rembrandt, Rubens, Claude Monet and Edouard Manet.

11. Admire the Botanischer Garten Flora (Flora Botanical Gardens)

In terms of more relaxing Cologne things to do, the Flora Botanical Gardens are a nice choice.

These gardens are home to a wide variety of plant species from around the world, organized into thematic sections. These include Mediterranean terraces, a scent and touch garden, and a section dedicated to native species of the Rhineland.

One of the main attractions is the set of glasshouses that contain tropical and subtropical plants. These climate-controlled environments simulate different ecosystems and feature an impressive array of exotic plants, including orchids, cacti, and tropical trees.

In this tranquil oasis filled with vibrant greenery and calming water features, you can relax and escape the city bustle for a little while… perfect after a busy few days of sightseeing!

12. Get pruny at Claudius Therme

Or if you want to REALLY relax in Cologne, a great option is Claudius Therme, a thermal bath and spa complex, where you can rejuvenate in warm mineral-rich pools.

Located in the middle of Cologne’s Rhine Park, you can come here to bathe in the pools and relax in the sauna, book a beauty or wellness treatment and even have some physiotherapy if you need it. However, I think the main drawcard is just splashing about in the stunning indoor and outdoor pools, which include massage jets, bubble loungers and neck showers. There’s even a pool for listening to underwater music for the ultimate in relaxation!

For more vigorous offerings, there are hot and cold plunge pools or aerobics classes to join – along with an on-site restaurant if you need to replenish afterwards.

13. Wander Around the Belgisches Viertel (Belgian Quarter)

Another fun thing to do in Cologne if you’re hoping to see more than just the typical tourist sights is a visit to the ultra hip Belgian Quarter, a neighborhood brimming with trendy boutiques, chic cafes, and a vibrant nightlife scene.

The Belgian Quarter is notable for its eclectic architecture, with a mix of old and new buildings that add to its charm. Just walking through the streets, you can feel the vibrant energy and see the fashionable crowd that frequents this area. This neighborhood is also a hub for artists and other creatives, featuring numerous galleries and design studios.

At the heart of the Belgian Quarter, Brüsseler Platz is a popular gathering spot, especially in the evenings and during summer nights. The square is surrounded by bars and cafés and buzzes with a youthful, energetic vibe.

You could join this tour of the Belgian Quarter if you want to explore it in more detail, including stops at the corner kiosks (known as Büdchen) which are dotted throughout the city.

14. Explore Ehrenfeld

Another fun neighbourhood to explore is Ehrenfeld. This artistic and multicultural district is filled with street art, local shops, and a unique bohemian spirit.

Originally an industrial area, Ehrenfeld has transformed into a hub for artists, musicians, and young professionals, with one of its most distinctive features being its street art. The neighborhood is adorned with murals and graffiti that cover entire building facades, created by both local and international artists. Those interested can join this walking tour to see the best of it.

The neighborhood also features a range of shopping options, especially for those interested in vintage clothing, vinyl records, and unique handmade goods. Venloer Straße, the main street running through Ehrenfeld, is lined with shops offering everything from fashion to specialty foods. The area is also renowned for its lively music scene, with numerous clubs and venues to check out if you’re looking for some fun nightlife.

And if you’re wondering about the tower, it’s the Colonius telecommunications tower which you used to be able to go up to see a viewing tower and restaurant but has been closed since 1992 – bummer!

Even if you’ve never been to Cologne, it’s a name you’ve no doubt heard before… and no, it’s not a coincidence, this is where the world’s first ever cologne was created.

If this side of the city interests you, you can trace the fragrant history of Eau de Cologne at the Farina Fragrance Museum, which is the oldest still-standing fragrance factory in the world!

Johann Maria Farina, an Italian perfumer, moved to Cologne in the early 1700s where he developed a new fragrance that he named “Eau de Cologne” in honor of his new hometown. This fragrance quickly became popular across Europe’s royal courts and is considered the world’s first Eau de Cologne.

The museum showcases the history of the Farina family and the development of Eau de Cologne through a variety of exhibits. Visitors can see historical bottles, distillation equipment, and other artifacts that illustrate the traditional methods of perfume production… including the original Eau de Cologne formula that Johann Maria Farina developed in 1709!

16. Visit Cologne’s Stunning Christmas Markets

Now, if you’ve seen the roundups that I’ve written about the best Christmas markets in Europe and the best Christmas markets in Germany, you’ll know that I am unashamedly obsessed with the Christmas market scene in Cologne.

And there’s a lot to be obsessed with. Gorgeous themed markets cover the city come Christmas time, with plenty of wonderful opportunities for shopping, eating, and drinking Glühwein to oblivion.

You can read my full guide to Cologne’s Christmas Markets for more info.

17. Attend the Famous Kölner Karneval

I’ve always considered Cologne a bucket list destination, not just for its cathedral and Christmas markets, but for its epic carnival celebrations, which reach their peak just before Lent.

Known as one of the best parties in Europe, the so-called Crazy Days of Cologne’s Carnival turn the entire city into an unhinged party zone, with everyone in fun costumes, and unique highlights like the hours long Rose Monday Parade, during which they give away over 140 tonnes of sweets, 700,000 bars of chocolate and 300,000+ flowers.

You can read my full guide to experiencing Cologne’s Crazy Days for more info.

18. Take a Day Trip

Finally, it has to be said that one of the best things about Cologne is its proximity to several other great German travel destinations.

So, if you find yourself with some extra time in Cologne, why not consider taking a day trip to…

• Aachen: At just under an hour away by train you could easily visit Aachen which sits on the border of Belgium and the Netherlands. This ancient spa city also boasts an impressive cathedral (built on the order of Charlemagne, no less) and many more beautiful buildings. Learn more in my full post about things to do in Aachen.
• Bonn: It’s only 20 minutes away by train and if you visit in spring you’ll get to see the cherry blossoms! Plus, there are other fun things to see and do in Bonn. Learn more in my full post about things to do in Bonn.
• Düsseldorf: Around a 25-minute train ride away is this vibrant city known for its fashion industry, arts, and rich cultural scene. There are SO MANY museums and theaters here, as well as a big party scene.

Did I miss any of your favourite things to do in Cologne?

Let me know in the comments so I can add more of the best Cologne activities to the list. Happy and safe travels! 🙂